Rigiji
Shimin dōji jizukushi anken 四民童子字尽安見, which I suppose means something like "Simple guide to all [written] characters, for the children of all four occupations," is a 1716 kanji textbook by Matsui "Tosui" Shōzaemon (松井庄左衛門/兎睡).
After the illustrations at the beginning, what it amounts to is a long list of kanji used for words in different categories. Some of the categories are conceptual, like "same Japanese reading, different meaning" (同訓別格), like 犬 and 狗: both are pronounced inu ("dog"), Tosui explains, but the first is used for big dogs and the second for little ones. Most of the categories are typological, like "animals," "equestrian equipment," and "utensils for the 'three beverages' [tea, booze, and tobacco smoke]."
Waseda claims that there's Ainu in there, too, but I couldn't find any. I did find a category called Ikoku sōmoku 夷国草木, which could mean "grasses and trees of the country of the Ainu," but it seems to be a more general reference to foreign lands in general, containing mostly Sino-Japanese vocabulary for continental plants (e.g. enbuju 閻浮樹 = jambul).
Anyway, the 64th and final chapter is called "Rigiji shū" 理義字集. Rigiji has a very specific meaning today: characters formed by doubling or trebling other characters, like 晶 ("bright"), which is 日 ("sun") × 3. And indeed Tosui's first few columns of rigi characters fit that description. Here are a few examples that (as far as I know) are no longer in regular dictionaries:
Three moons (月) for sayuka, i.e. sayaka, "clear." I suppose this is a de- and then reconstructed variant of a similar character sometimes used to write this word: 𣇵, 日 ("sun") and 明 ("bright", itself decomposable into either "sun and moon" or "window and moon"). | |
Three men (男) for tabakaru ("consider," "discuss," or "deceive"), placed alongside the much more orthodox character 姦: three women (女), meaning "wicked" or "noisy." As you might guess, this one is usually first in line when it's time to write about how the Chinese-character system reinforces sexist attitudes in society. | |
Three individuals (个) for tagau, "differ." | |
Three goods (吉) or three completions (了) for satoru, "realize, awaken, become enlightened." | |
Three dots for bussho i-ji 仏書伊字, a.k.a. i-ji santen: the vowel i in Siddhaṃ (known in Japanese Buddhism as bonji 梵字), which according to the Digital Dictionary of Buddhism entry by Charles Muller linked above was "used as a trope for 'neither the same nor different'" and for "the relationship between the dharma-body 法身, prajñā 般若 and 解脫 vimokṣa, all three being necessary to complete nirvāṇa." Which is all very interesting, but please don't let it obscure your view of the fact that Tosui is now applying analytical techniques based on Sinitic script to an East Asian glyph evolved from a letter in Siddhaṃ. | |
The triforce, glossed only as kaki. Oysters? Persimmons? I don't know. |
On the next page, things degenerate rapidly:
A branching abstraction for ki no mata, "fork of a tree." | |
A barbed abstraction for tsuribari, "fishhook." | |
Strokes going left and right for hyorohyo to (?), "staggering" (with a helpful note explaining the character: "turn left, turn right") | |
A broken 行 ("go") for tatazumu, "stop, stand still." | |
A broken 門 ("gate") for (w)ehen (ゑへん), the sound someone makes when coughing. (Can this be right? Maybe it's a write-o for (w)ihen 違反, "break the rules/one's word"? That seems pretty far-fetched too though.) |
These characters are clearly not made through reduplication, which suggests to me that Tosui understood rigiji to have a broader meaning: characters (字) to whose meaning (義) there is reason (理), as opposed to characters with phonetic components and so on. That, or he has successfully pulled off a three-century troll. (I'll just leave this here.)
Avery:
I can't read any of the script, but how about the rather silly six 有 under one roof, the open triangle, or the seal script looking thing at top left? That whole page looks like an entertaining read.
The use of triangles for "kaki" looks strangely familiar to me, but I'm probably just thinking of the beloved (by me) storefront "masu". 〼